Table of Contents
Introduction
This section is designed to provide the Prescriber and the Patient with reference and resource information to better help you understand the research behind a particular formulation in a specific speciality, or a list of books that will provide an insight into a particular lifestyle therapy or disease state. There are two sections-- Prescriber Specialities, which provides a list of article abstracts titles by specific prescriber speciality, and Lifestyle Therapies, which provides a list of books and article abstracts for a specific lifestyle therapy or disease state. These lists will continue to grow over time as we learn more about each speciality and lifestyle therapy.
Bio-Identical Hormone Replacement (OB/Gyn) - For Women
Bio-Identical Hormone Replacement (Andropause) - For Men
Chysin– Dr. Jothathan Wright mentioned in the seminar on 01/22/00 that chrysin inhibited the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone to estrogen. Chrysin, a flavone inhibits the action of aromatase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reactions of androstenedione to estrone and testosterone to estradiol. Copyright © 2002 PCCA. All Rights Reserved.
General Practitioner (Family Practice, Internal Medicine, Etc.)
Pain Management/Sports Medicine
Abstract: “In 1993, Airaksinen et al. published a randomized, double-blind parallel study investigating the efficacy of ketoprofen 2.5% gen versus placebo in 56 patients with acute, minor, soft tissue injuries, (diagnosis not specified.) 24 of 29 patients (82.8%) in the ketoprofen group reported improvement compared with 14 of 27 patients (51.8%) in the control group.”
Abstract: “The transcutaneous passage of ketoprofen gel topically administered and it distribution in the inner part of the knee joint was evaluated. The fluid samples from patients using topical ketoprofen were about 100 times higher in the sampled tissue levels than in the plasma concentration drawn at the same time”
Abstract: “NSAIDs administered as cream, gel or spray, quickly penetrate thought the corneal layer at the application site and reach high effective concentrations in subcutis, fasciae, tendons, ligaments and muscles, but lesser in joint-capsule and fluid indicating direct penetration. Blood levels of topical NSAIDs are extremely low with no systemic side effects. By contrast, oral NSAIDs lead primarily via high blood levels to a much lesser concentration - only one tenth - in particular soft tissues with a high incidence of side effects”
Abstract: Topically applied NSAID blood concentrations reach only 5-10% of those achieved after oral or IM administration; thus, renal impairment, drug interactions (e.g., warfarin), and adverse GI reactions following topical administration have been considered unlikely”
Abstract: “A topical formulation of ketoprofen 2.5%, corresponding to an oral dose of 375mg, was tested on subjects. Plasma samples were collected after the first dose and after 10days of chronic treatment. Urine was also collected. Results of the assay showed that the plasma concentration was 2.6% of the daily applied dose. There was no sign of local intolerance”
Abstract: “Over the past 15 years, some six topical NSAIDs have been licensed in the UK, and a nuimber of others are available in other countries or are under investigation. There is a growing body of evidence attesting to the efficacy of topical NSAIDs in the treatment of acute soft-tissue injury and chronic soft-tissue overuse lesions. It has been estimated that 30% of the overall cost of treating arthritis in the USA is spent on treating the GI side effects of oral NSAIDs. Extrapolating this figure to the whole of the country results in the starting sum of US$8.6bn.”
Abstract: “Four separate multi center, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trials have shown that the efficacy of the topical NSAID felbinac is equivalent to that of the oral NSAID ibuprofen in the treatment of soft tissue injuries, and to that of oral ibuprofen in mild to moderate osteo-arthritis. Consequently, because of NSAID side effects, the topical felbinac treatment is a logical treatment alternative from an economic view point as well as for reasons of efficacy and safety”
Abstract: “Two studies of healthy males and females (aged 18-65 years) were undertaken to determine plasma and cutaneous levels of piroxicam get following topical application. It may be concluded that piroxicam rapidly permeates thought the stratum corneum into the epidermis/dermis after application of the gel. Low and undetectable plasma levels of drug were observed after topical application”
Abstract: “Organogels were studied as matrices for the transdermal transport of drugs in 1992. Preliminary histological studies showed that the gels have no harmful effect when applied to the skin for prolonged periods. The study concluded that lecithin organogel may be an efficient vehicle for the transdermal transport of various drugs.”
Abstract: "Advantages of transcutaneous delivery included GI track circumvention and avoidance of first-pass metabolism”
Abstract: "Transdermal application of NSAIDs have been used in Europe for the past 15 years and account fo 2/3rds of the most frequently proscribed NSAIDS in Germany "
Abstract: “Increasing the amount of drug in the epidermis correlated with an increased inhibition of the inflammation. The gel formulation released more drug to the skin and produced a greater anti-inflammatory effect”
Acne vulgaris is a difficult problem to treat. The pathogens are becoming increasingly resistant to the antimicrobials that have been useful and effective treatments in the past. Because of this resistance, new treatments are being sought that are non-antimicrobial in nature. Niacinamide gel provides potent anti-inflammatory activity without the risk of inducing bacterial resistance. Studies have shown that topical 4% Niacinamide gel BID is comparable to 1% Clindamycin gel in efficacy, showing that niacinamide gel is a desirable alternative treatment for acne vulgaris. Copyright © 2002 PCCA, All Rights Reserved
Adrenal Fatigue, Cortisol Regulation-- Cortisone Supplementation
Eicosanoid Regulation– Omega-3 Fish Oil
Functional Thyroid Deficiency– T3 Supplementation
Insulin Regulation– Glycemic Index
Natural Hormone Replacement (Women)– TriEst or BiEst Supplementation with DHEA and Testosterone
Pain Control with Motion Exercise
Testosterone Syndrome (Men)– Testosterone Supplementation with DHEA & Crysin
Trigger Points and Pain Control

